Learn more about the Taino religion, mythology, and gods. Explore the Taino deities and creation story to learn more about the religion of the Taino people. Updated: 03/05/2022
The Taino were polytheists and worshipped many different gods, spirits and ancestors. The Taino had two main gods, Atabry and Yucahu, plus many other lesser deities.
The Cursed Creator myth tells of how four divine brothers came to earth in a great flood. One of them was afflicted with a terrible illness which, when cured, led him to be able to communicate with spirits. The Taino believed this explained the source of their shamanic tradition.
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The Taino were polytheists, meaning they believed in many different gods. Most of their gods were related to natural phenomena, such as the sea, freshwater, crops, and storms. The Taino believed that they could invite the blessings of the gods through statues which represented them.
The Taino were an indigenous people who lived in the Bahamas and the Caribbean Islands. The Taino were the first non-European people encountered by Christopher Columbus on his mission to America. The Taino population experienced a genocide at the hands of the Spanish, with the people destroyed by a combination of slave labor, disease and famine. Though many Caribbean people today have Taino DNA, there are no extant lines of cultural descent from the pre-Columbian Taino.
The Taino were the pre-Columbian civilization in the Bahamas and were among some of the first people Columbus met upon first arriving in the Americas. Unfortunately, they were also one of the first to be almost completely wiped out by European settlers. Between diseases brought by the Spanish and being forced into slave labor by settlers, the Taino culture all but disappeared. They were able to somewhat survive in Puerto Rico, but by then had mixed with a great many other cultures that had been driven from their homelands.
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The Taino word for gods were zemi. These zemi were the various gods, goddesses, spirits, and ancestors they worshiped. Zemi was also the name given to the wooden or stone effigies of these gods. These gods and goddesses are still being researched today, and only little bits of information have been confirmed, but there are several gods that we do have a decent amount of information about.
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Because Taino culture was entirely decimated along with the Taino people, there is not much known today about the Taino mythology, Taino religion and the Taino gods. The Taino people were polytheistic, worshiping a pantheon of many different gods, ancestors and spirits, which they called Zemi. The word zemi was also used to refer to icons and fetishes of the gods, most often made from carved rocks.
The Tainos believed in two main gods, Yucahu, who was the god of cassava (the main food crop of the Taino) and Atabey, the mother of Yucahu and the goddess of fertility. They also had many other deities, such as Guabancex, the goddess of hurricanes and Maketaori Guayaba, the god of the dead.
The supreme deity of the Taino religion was Atabey (also known as Atabei or Atabeyra). Atabey was seen as the creator deity and was the most important god for the Taino people. She was the goddess of the moon, fertility and freshwater. Her son was the god Yucahu, and she was viewed as the mother of gods.
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Seen to represent the earth spirit and the spirit of all freshwaters, she was often pictured as having a woman's head and a frog's body, and frogs were considered her sacred animal. Atabey was believed to have both a nurturing, maternal aspect, and violent and terrible ones. This terrible aspect of the mother goddess was known as Guabancex, the goddess of storms and volcanoes.
Within Taino mythology there was a complex creation myth. This myth had been passed down from generation to generation through an oral tradition and was a central part of Taino spirituality.
The Taino were an indigenous people who lived in the Bahamas and the Caribbean Islands. Because Taino culture was entirely decimated along with the Taino people, there is not much known today about the Taino mythology, Taino religion and the Taino gods. The Taino people were polytheistic, worshiping a pantheon of many different gods, ancestors and spirits, which they called Zemi. The word zemi was also used to refer to icons and fetishes of the gods, most often made from carved rocks.
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Atabey: Considered the most supreme of the gods, the goddess Atabey is important because she is the mother of gods and the initial creator. In fact, she even gave birth to her self, making her one of the more powerful of creation gods in mythic . She was also the goddess of music, fertility, and beauty. She was depicted as a frog-like figure who is, more often than not, in the birthing position, to symbolize her importance as mother of all.
Guabancex: Goddess of storms and the destruction they bring, Guabancex actually has a lasting legacy in English culture. She was often accompanied by two twin entities who announced her arrival: thunder and wind. Together with them, they created the juracan, a word the Spanish settlers would later translate to huracan, which is more well-known to us as a hurricane. Due to the violent and destructive aftermath of hurricanes, Guabancex was often portrayed as having a very volatile temper.
Yocahu: Yocahu is the leading god of the Taino people. He is the son of Atabey and god of the sea. However, like most gods who lead a people, Yocahu lives in the sky to keep watch over the Taino people. He is also considered a god of fertility as well and was associated with the Taino's main crop, the root known as cassava. Farmers would bury statues of Yocahu to bless their fields in the hopes of assuring good crops.
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Baibrama was an assistant god to Yocahu who helped with the planting of cassava. He was also a healing god who would cure people of poisoning from cassava. Boinayel and Márohu were the twin gods of the gentle rains to grow healthy crops. Finally, there was Maketaori Guayaba, the god of the underworld.
Atabey gave birth to herself, and for a time was the only being in existence. Eventually, she gave birth to twins, Yocahu and Guacar. Yocahu was good and desired to fill the void of this yet, nonexistent world. He created the sun and the moon and made the stars out of shining stones. He gave fertility to the land and populated it with living creatures. Finally, he wanted to make a creature that was something between a god and an animal, and thus he made the first man, called Locou. While Locou lived in happiness in the world, Yocahu's brother, Guacar, grew jealous.
After several days of sulking, Guacar came back with a vengeance. He became Juracan, or the god of the winds and hurricanes. He used his powers to corrupt and taint all of his brother's creations. He destroyed the land, the trees, and the animals with his massive storms and earthquakes, and Locou became afraid of the world he lived in.
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Yocahu did his best to make Locou still feel happy and safe in the world. He made other gods and goddesses to help him take care of all of Juracan's problems. Locou seemed to like this and created the zemis, or wooden effigies of these gods. Yocahu gave him fire, and Locou learned to cook. Still, one problem remained: Locou was lonely. Eventually, Locou decided to open his own belly button, and out came two humans, a man and a woman. From these two humans, all of human creation came into existence. Still, these two and their descendants grew up with Juracan's destruction and had to learn how to survive. Juracan had also, during this time, created evil spirits who caused other troubles and ills for humans, thus explaining why good and evil existed.
Let's take a couple of moments to review what we've learned about the Taino religion. The Taino were the pre-Columbian civilization in the Bahamas, and while there were several gods and goddesses, or zemi, in the Taino pantheon, we really only know detailed information about a few of them. Perhaps the most well-known and important of these gods was Atabey, the creation goddess who gave birth to herself and to the other gods and goddesses. Of the gods she gave birth to, one was Yocahu, the god of the Taino people and the seas. He was also the god of fertility in that he blessed the people's fields of cassava, the Taino's main crop. Also known to us is Guabancex goddess of storms and the juracan, or hurricane. We've also explored the story of creation, involving the twin
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